In this session we will talk about this validity and constructive alignment. In the previous session we said the blueprint is an essential step to enhance the validity of the assessment and its constructive alignment, particularly for high stakes examination. Now let us talk about test validity. Two-printing acts as a valid tool to align the course objectives with the assessment tools. We are the key to this one seriously consider any elements that can reduce the validity of assessment. There are two major sources of validity free. Which are construct under representation and construct irrelevant variance. Tract under representation refers to the under sampling or bias sampling of the curriculum or course content for assessment. It occurs when there are two few items covering the curricular content. The second threat is construct irrelevant variance. When items are too easy or too hard or the choice of inappropriate test modalities. In general the aim of the blueprinting is to reduce these two major threats of validity. Second is the constructive alignment. It refers to three pillars of education. The three pillars of education consist of intended learning outcomes, teaching and learning activities and assessment tasks. The congruence between these three pillars of education can be facilitated by a blueprint. It will ensure the assessment tasks are aligned with the intended learning outcomes and teaching and learning activities.